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短文改错是历年高考英语试题中的一个题型，该题旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性。试题设置的考点角度灵活、覆盖面广、综合性强。据统计显示，考点所涵盖的语法项目中主要集中在名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、冠词、连词、代词等方面，此外还有固定结构、词语辨析和行文逻辑等方面。
其中动词作为句子的主干，必然成为重要考点。以下是近几年全国卷短文改错中针对动词的常见考点及分析。
谓语动词的时态
1.(NMET06III)We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.
【have→had】
2.(NMET06II)High over the water，they discover a hole in the balloon.
【discover→discovered】
3.(NMET05I)One of them was that they can earn money.
【was→is】
4.(NMET05II)I will write again and send you the photos we take together.
【take→took】
5.(NMET04I)Sometimes，we talked to each other very well in class，but after class we become…at once.
【talked→talk】
6.(NMET03)She liked it very much and reads it to the class.
【reads→read】
7.(NMET02)As we climbed the mountain，we fed monkeys，visiting temples and told stories.
【visiting→visited】
8.(NMET02)The time passes quickly.
【passes→passed】
9.(NMET01)They did not want me to do any work at family;they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I'll get good marks in all my….
【did→do】
10.(NMET2000)I remembered her words and calm down.
【calm→calmed】
判断时态正误的依据主要有四个：(1)根据时间状语，例如：句1(2)根据全文的主体时态，例如：句2、3、4、5(3)根据上下文的逻辑关系，例如：句8(4)根据并列关系，有连词“and，but”等或标点符号“；”作为提示，例如：句6、7、9、10。
主谓一致
1.(NMET05I)Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as if they please.
【allow→allows；主语为动名词Earning their own money，谓语用单数】
2.(NMET04III)But not all information are good to society.
【are→is；主语为不可数名词information，谓语用单数】
3.(NMET04II)If I listen to my own records，there are no need to spend money.
【are→is;主语为单数名词need，谓语用单数】
4.(NMET2000)Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.
【is→are；主语是my picture and the prize，谓语用复数】
谓语结构(缺少谓语)
1.(NMET05II)I now think English fun to learn.
【fun前加is；English是宾语从句的主语，后面应是谓语，且为一般现在时单数，故需加is】
2.(NMET05I)For the most part，students working to earn money for their own use.
【working→work；该句为简单句，主语students之后应该是谓语】
情态动词
1.(NMET05I)Some students may also to save up for their college or future use.
【去掉to；情态动词后加动词原形】
2.(NMET03)Ifollowed her advice and should put down 100 words or so each day.
【去掉should；依上下文语意而定】
非谓语动词
1.(NMET06II)The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming up.
【keeps→keeping;后面有谓语was escaping，故改为动词ing形式作后置定语】
2.(NMET06II)The crowd waiting… to greet them in England was very surprised see this when the balloon landed in front of them.
【see前加to；缺少不定式符号to】
3.(NMET04III)It's like going to a huge library without have to walk around to find your books.
【have→having;介词without的宾语应是动词ing形式】
4.(NMET04II)I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts.
【giving→given；用表被动的过去分词作后置定语】
5.(NMET03)Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express… in simple English.
【talk→talking；动词enjoy的宾语应是动词ing形式】
6.(NMET01)My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.
【make前加to；不定式作目的状语，缺少不定式符合to】
判断正误时，分析句法结构，划分句子成分很重要。可以先找出谓语，再确定非谓语及其形式。例如上述句子划线部分中：句1和4应该是后置定语，由现在分词和过去分词充当；句3和5应该是宾语，由动名词充当；句2和6是状语，由不定式充当。
固定结构
1.(NMET04I)Can you tell me about what I should do？
【去掉about】
2.(NMET03)The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.
【去掉第一个in】
此外，其他省市的高考短文改错试题中，也有命题涉及动词错用，对句意的逻辑关系会造成根本变化。解题时可以考虑其近义词或反义词，例如：accept-receive，go-come，take-bring，buy-sell等等。
通过对以上动词考点的分析，我们可以体会到试题对词法、句法以及行文逻辑等的全面考查。因此，要想突破短文改错关，就要系统复习、牢固掌握语法知识，同时还要特别注意，解题时要从语篇着手，把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的逻辑关系，然后逐句分析，依行查错。
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