高中定语从句汇总讲解学案
◆英语谚语欣赏
1. he who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a good-for –nothing.
不懂装懂,一事无成.
2. it’s the first step that costs.千里之行,始于足下
3. he that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. 甘当小绵羊,迟早要喂狼.
ⅰ. 概念:
(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用:
1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;
2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)
常用的关系代词: that、 which、 who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语,宾语)
常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when、why、 where
the student who answered the question was john.
i know the reason why he was so angry.
the boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.
i'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
定语从句三步:
第一找出先行词;
第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);
第三选择合适的关系词。
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