英语基础知识 代词的讲解与训练
代词
知识要点
1. 简述：代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。下面以表格的形式，具体说明代词的类别：
2.分类：
1人称代词主格i, you, he, she, it, we, you, they
宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them
2物主代词形容词性my, your, his, her, its, our, their
名词性mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
3反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
4指示代词this, that, these, those, such, some
5不定代词one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little, other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either
6关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as
7疑问代词who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever
8相互代词each other，one another
疑难突破
代词的用法：
代词种类基本用法
1.人称代词。包括i,me,we,us,you,he,him,she,her,they,them等。人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语，宾语用作宾语。但在口语中，当人称代词用作表语，用于than, as 之后或用于强调句中被强调时，用主格(较正式)和宾格(较口语化)均可以。如：
1.“who is it?” “it’s me.” “是谁呀?” “是我。”
2.he dances better than me. 他比我跳舞跳得好。
2.物主代词。包括my,your,his,our,their,her, ours,yours, hers, his, theirs等。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在句中只用作定语；名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语等。如：
1.here is my pen. its colour is green. 这是我的钢笔，它的颜色是绿的。
2.is that book yours or hers? 那本书是你的还是她的?
3.反身代词。包括myself,ourself,
ourselves,himself,youself,youselves等。反身代词可用作宾语、同位语、表语等。用作同位语时，主要用于加强被修饰词的语气，可紧放在被修饰名词后或句末如：
1.he himself was a teacher. 他本人就是一位教师。
2.she is too young to dress herself. 她太小，不能自己穿衣服。注：用于 be, feel, seem, look 等后作表语表示身体或精神处于正常状态。
