化学：《有机官能团与有机化合物性质》学案（沪科版）

一、知识梳理：

★ 含不饱和键的官能团

1．掌握常见的有机官能团的结构及性质。

① 碳与碳之间 （、、 ）

a.加成（溴水、H₂、HX、H₂O、X₂、二烯烃的加成、双烯合成）

如：                                                                                  

                                                                                       

                                                                                      

b.加聚（制聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、顺丁橡胶、丁苯橡胶、人造羊毛等）

 

聚乙烯：                                   聚氯乙烯：                                

 

顺丁橡胶：                                                                            

 

丁苯橡胶：                                                                            

 

人造羊毛：                                                                           

② 碳与氧之间（、）

a.加成（H₂、HCN）

如：                                                                                   

                                                                                      

                                                                                      

b.氧化（银镜反应、斐林反应）

如：                                                                                  

                                                                                      

                                                                                       

c.加聚（乙醛的三聚、人造象牙）

如：                                                                                  

                                                                                      

                                                                                   

• 化学：《有机官能团与有机化合物性质》学案（沪科版）
• 化学论文：《有机反应类型小结》